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SUCCESSFUL PLANETARY PROBES - THOSE LAUNCHED AND WHICH MAINTAINED AT LEAST COMMUNICATIONS CAPABILITY WITH EARTH (version 2 incorporating corrections, amplifications) DATE NAME OWNER WEIGHT CURRENT STATUS Jan 2,1959 Luna 1 USSR 361 space probe now in solar orbit Mar 3,1959 Pioneer 4 US 5.9 space probe now in solar orbit Sep 12,1959 Luna 2 USSR 387 lunar probe impacted surface of moon Oct 4,1959 Luna 3 USSR 278.5 lunar probe in earth-moon orbit, now decayed Mar 11,1960 Pioneer 5 US 43 space probe now in solar orbit Apr 12,1960 Luna 4 USSR 300 failed to orbit moon, lost in space Feb 12,1961 Venera 1 USSR 643.5 Venus probe now in solar orbit Jan 26,1962 Ranger 3 US 327 lunar probe, missed moon now in solar orbit Apr 23,1962 Ranger 4 US 328 lunar probe impacted surface of moon Aug 27,1962 Mariner 2 US 201 Venus flyby now in solar orbit Oct 18,1962 Ranger 5 US 340 lunar flyby now in solar orbit Apr 2,1963 Luna 4 USSR 1,422 lunar probe now in earth-moon orbit Jan 30,1964 Ranger 6 US 361.8 lunar probe impacted surface of moon Apr 2,1964 Zond 1 USSR 890 Venus probe now in solar orbit Jul 28,1964 Ranger 7 US 362 lunar probe sent pictures of its impact on moon Nov 5,1964 Mariner 3 US 260 Mars flyby attempt now in solar orbit Nov 28,1964 Mariner 4 US 260 Mars flyby, 1st Mars photos; now in solar orbit Feb 17,1965 Ranger 8 US 366 lunar probe sent pictures of its impact on moon Mar 21,1965 Ranger 9 US 366 lunar probe sent pictures of its impact on moon May 9,1965 Luna 5 USSR 1,474 lunar soft-lander failed, impacted moon Jun 8,1965 Luna 6 USSR 1,440 lunar soft-lander missed moon now in solar orbit Jul 18,1965 Zond 3 USSR 959 lunar flyby now in solar orbit Oct 4,1965 Luna 7 USSR 1,504 lunar soft-lander failed, impacted moon Nov 12,1965 Venera 2 USSR 962 Venus probe now in solar orbit Nov 16,1965 Venera 3 USSR 958 Venus probe crashed on Venus Dec 3,1965 Luna 8 USSR 1,550 lunar soft-lander failed, impacted moon Dec 16,1965 Pioneer 6 US 63.4 solar probe in solar orbit still transmitting Jan 31,1966 Luna 9 USSR 1,580 landed on lunar surface Mar 31,1966 Luna 10 USSR 1,597 lunar probe in lunar orbit Apr 30,1966 Surveyor 1 US 269 landed on lunar surface Aug 10,1966 Lunar Orb. 1 US 386 orbited moon, photographed far side; impacted on command Aug 17,1966 Pioneer 7 US 63 solar probe in solar orbit recently turned off Aug 24,1966 Luna 11 USSR 1,638 lunar probe in lunar orbit Sep 20,1966 Surveyor 2 US 292 lunar soft-lander failed, impacted moon Oct 22,1966 Luna 12 USSR 1,620 lunar probe in lunar orbit Nov 6,1966 Lunar Orb. 2 US 390 orbited moon, photographed far side & potential Apollo landing sites; impacted on command Dec 21,1966 Luna 13 USSR 1,700 landed on lunar surface Feb 5,1967 Lunar Orb. 3 US 385 orbited moon, photographed far side & A-12 landing site; impacted on command Apr 17,1967 Surveyor 3 US 283 landed on lunar surface (pieces brought back) May 4,1967 Lunar Orb. 4 US 390 orbited moon at polar inclination, complete Earth-side coverage; impacted on command Jun 12,1967 Venera 4 USSR 1,104 presumed impacted on Venus Jun 14,1967 Mariner 5 US 244 Venus flyby now in solar orbit Jul 14,1967 Surveyor 4 US 283 lunar soft-lander failed, impacted moon Aug 1,1967 Lunar Orb. 5 US 389 orbited moon at polar inclination, high resolution of many important sites; impacted on command Sep 8,1967 Surveyor 5 US 279 landed on lunar surface Nov 7,1967 Surveyor 6 US 280 landed on/took off from on lunar surface Dec 13,1967 Pioneer 8 US 63 solar probe in solar orbit still transmitting Jan 7,1968 Surveyor 7 US 1,036 landed on lunar surface Apr 7,1968 Luna 14 USSR 1,700 lunar probe in lunar-solar orbit Sep 14,1968 Zond 5 USSR 5,375 lunar fly-around, earth return Nov 8,1968 Pioneer 9 US 63 solar probe in solar orbit, died 3/3/87 Nov 10,1968 Zond 6 USSR 5,375 lunar fly-around, earth return Dec 21,1968 Apollo 8 US 28,883 manned lunar fly-around, earth return Jan 5,1969 Venera 5 USSR 1,128 Venus probe presumed impacted on Venus Jan 10,1969 Venera 6 USSR 1,128 Venus probe presumed impacted on Venus Feb 24,1969 Mariner 6 US 412 Mars flyby now in solar orbit Mar 27,1969 Mariner 7 US 412 Mars flyby now in solar orbit May 18,1969 Apollo 10 US 42,530 manned lunar fly-around, earth return Jul 13,1969 Luna 15 USSR 2,718 lunar orbiter finally impacted on lunar surface Jul 16,1969 Apollo 11 US 43,811 manned lunar landing, sample return, earth return Jul 20,1969 Apollo 11 US date of landing on moon, EASEP set up Aug 8,1969 Zond 7 USSR 5,979 lunar fly-around, earth return Nov 14,1969 Apollo 12 US 43,848 manned lunar landing, sample return, earth return Nov 19,1969 Apollo 12 US date of landing on moon, ALSEP 12 set up Apr 11,1970 Apollo 13 US 43,924 manned lunar fly-by, rescue, earth return Sep 12,1970 Luna 16 USSR 5,600 lunar landing, sample return, earth return Nov 10,1970 Luna 17 USSR 5,600 lunar landing, automated rover Jan 31,1971 Apollo 14 US 44,456 manned lunar landing, sample return, earth return Feb 5,1971 Apollo 14 US date of landing on moon, ALSEP 14 set up May 19,1971 Mars 2 USSR 4,650 Mars landing, no planetary data May 28,1971 Mars 3 USSR 4,643 Mars landing, no planetary data May 30,1971 Mariner 9 US 974 Succesful Mars orbiter still in Mars orbit Jul 26,1971 Apollo 15 US 46,723 manned lunar landing, sample return, earth return Jul 30,1971 Apollo 15 US date of landing on moon, ALSEP 15 set up Aug 4,1971 P&F subsat. US 36 launched into lunar orbit from Apollo 15 Sep 2,1971 Luna 18 USSR 5,600 lunar orbiter finally impacted on lunar surface Sep 28,1971 Luna 19 USSR 5,600 lunar orbiter now in lunar orbit Nov 14,1971 Mariner 9 US date entered Mars orbit Feb 14,1972 Luna 20 USSR 5,600 lunar landing, sample return, earth return Mar 3,1972 Pioneer 10 US 259 Jupiter probe then left solar system Mar 27,1972 Venera 8 USSR 1,180 Venus landing Apr 16,1972 Apollo 16 US 46,733 manned lunar landing, sample return, earth return Apr 21,1972 Apollo 16 US date of landing on moon, ALSEP 16 set up Apr 24,1972 P&F subsat. US 36 orbited, later impacted lunar surface (Apollo 16 launched) Sep 23,1972 Explorer 47 US 376 cislunar probe in earth-lunar orbit Dec 7,1972 Apollo 17 US 46,743 manned lunar landing, sample return, earth return Dec 12,1972 Apollo 17 US date of landing on moon, ALSEP 17 set up Jan 8,1973 Luna 21 USSR 4,850 lunar landing, automated rover Apr 6,1973 Pioneer 11 US 259 Jupiter probe, Saturn probe Jun 10,1973 Explorer 49 US 328 solar physics probe placed in lunar orbit Jul 21,1973 Mars 4 USSR 4,650 Mars probe now in solar orbit Jul 25,1973 Mars 5 USSR 4,650 Mars orbiter Aug 5,1973 Mars 6 USSR 4,650 Mars lander failed now in solar orbit Aug 9,1973 Mars 7 USSR 4,650 Mars flyby, lander failed now also in solar orbit Nov 3,1973 Mariner 10 US 526 Venus, Mercury flyby now in solar orbit Dec 1,1973 Pioneer 10 US date of Jupiter fly-by May 29,1974 Luna 22 USSR 4,000 lunar probe now in solar orbit Oct 28,1974 Luna 23 USSR 5,600 lunar probe crashed on lunar surface Dec 1,1974 Pioneer 11 US date of Jupiter fly-by Dec 10,1974 Helios US/FRG 370 Solar probe in solar orbit Jun 8,1975 Venera 9 USSR 5,000 Venus probe in Venus orbit, lander set down 10/22 Jun 14,1975 Venera 10 USSR 5,000 Venus probe in Venus orbit, lander set down 10/25 Aug 20,1975 Viking 1 US 3,399 Mars orbiter/lander Sep 9,1975 Viking 2 US 3,399 Mars orbiter/lander Jan 15,1976 Helios US/FRG 376 Solar probe in solar orbit Jun 19,1976 Viking 1 Orb. US date entered Mars orbit (expected decay: 2025) Jul 20,1976 Viking 1 Land.US date landed on Mars, now NASM exhibit (Tim Mutch Memorial Station) Jul 24,1976 Viking 2 Orb. US date entered Mars orbit (expected decay:2025) Aug 7,1976 Viking 2 Land.US date landed on Mars Aug 9,1976 Luna 24 USSR 4,800 lunar landing, sample return, earth return Aug 20,1977 Voyager 2 US 800 Jupiter, Saturn fly-by Sep 5,1977 Voyager 1 US 800 Jupiter, Saturn fly-by May 20,1978 Pioneer 12 US 582 Venus orbiter (also called Pioneer Venus Orbiter or simply Pioneer Venus) Aug 8,1978 Pioneer 13 US 904 Multi-probe of Venus atmosphere entered 12/9/78 (also called Pioneer Venus Probe(s)) Aug 12,1978 ISEE 3 US 479 Solar probe later sent to Giacobini-Zinner Sep 9,1978 Venera 11 USSR 4,940 Venus lander Sep 14,1978 Venera 12 USSR 4,940 Venus lander Dec 21,1978 Venera 11 USSR date landed on Venus, sent back photos Dec 21,1978 Venera 12 USSR date landed on Venus, sent back photos Mar 5,1979 Voyager 1 US date of Jupiter fly-by Jul 9,1979 Voyager 2 US date of Jupiter fly-by Sep 1,1979 Pioneer 11 US date of Saturn fly-by, escape trajectory Nov 12,1980 Voyager 1 US date of Saturn fly-by Aug 26,1981 Voyager 2 US date of Saturn fly-by Oct 30,1981 Venera 13 USSR 4,000 Venus lander Nov 4,1981 Venera 14 USSR 4,000 Venus lander Mar 1,1982 Venera 13 USSR date landed on Venus, sent back photos Mar 1,1982 Venera 14 USSR date landed on Venus, sent back photos Jun 2,1983 Venera 15 USSR 4,000 Venus radar mapper Jun 7,1983 Venera 16 USSR 4,000 Venus radar mapper Jun 13,1983 Pioneer 10 US date Pioneer 10 crossed orbit boundary of Pluto Oct 10,1983 Venera 15 USSR date arrived at Venus Oct 14,1983 Venera 16 USSR date arrived at Venus Dec 15,1984 Vega 1 USSR 4,000 Venus/Comet Halley probe now in solar orbit Dec 21,1984 Vega 2 USSR 4,000 Venus/Comet Halley probe now in solar orbit Jan 7,1985 Sakigake Japan 141 Comet Halley probe Jul 2,1985 Giotto ESA 512 Comet Halley probe Aug 18,1985 Suisei Japan 141 Comet Halley probe Sep 11,1985 ISEE 3 US date of flyby of Comet Giacobini-Zinner Jan 24,1986 Voyager 2 US date of Uranus fly-by Mar 1,1986 Sakigake Japan date of flyby of Comet Halley Mar 6,1986 Vega 1 USSR date of flyby of Comet Halley Mar 8,1986 Suisei Japan date of flyby of Comet Halley Mar 9,1986 Vega 2 USSR date of flyby of Comet Halley Mar 13,1986 Giotto ESA date of flyby of Comet Halley Jul 7,1988 Phobos 1 USSR 14,000 lost through command error 9/2/88 Jul 12,1988 Phobos 2 USSR 14,000 Mars orbiter/Phobos lander Jan 30,1989 Phobos 2 USSR date of Mars orbit insertion May 4,1989 Magellan US Venus radar mapper deployed by STS-30 Aug 24,1989 Voyager 2 US date of Neptune fly-by Aug 10,1990 Magellan US date of expected Venus orbit insertion (user notice: if you find errors, believe amplification would benefit others or have other corrections, please post the information to Charles Redmond (fax 202/426-1535; or c/o Code E, NASA HQ, Washington DC 20546. This file will be kept updated. Also, please feel free to distribute widely, the sources are "NASA Pocket Statistics," TRW "Space Log," and periodical recapitulations published by "Mercury" (Astronomical Society of the Pacific), "Sky & Telescope" (Sky Publishing), and "Astronomy" (Astro Media, Inc.). Other recommended sources will also be used as I come by them. Chas Redmond Code E Public Affairs Officer 7/29/89 Washington, DC